The Mechanism of Rubisco Catalyzed Carboxylation Reaction: Chemical Aspects Involving Acid-Base Chemistry and Functioning of the Molecular Machine

In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid by the scientific community to improving efficiency photosynthetic carbon assimilation, plant growth and biomass production in order achieve higher crop productivity. Therefore, primary carboxylase enzyme process Rubisco received considerable focused on many aspects function including protein structure, engineering assembly, activation kinetics. Based its fundamental role assimilation is also targeted CO2-fertilization effect, which increased rate photosynthesis due increasing atmospheric CO2-concentration. The aim this review provide framework, as complete possible, mechanism RuBP carboxylation/hydration reaction description chemical events occurring at “activating” “catalytic” sites (which involve Broensted acid-base reactions) functioning complex molecular machine. Important research results achieved over last few years providing substantial advancement understanding will be discussed.